The IIT Council has approved significant reforms for M.Tech and PhD programs across India's 23 IITs, aiming to boost utilization and industry alignment. Key changes include mandatory industry internships, dual-track programs (industry/research), and multidisciplinary options for M.Tech. PhD programs will shift towards outcome-driven models emphasizing patents and startups over publications. Additionally, the council recommended exploring adaptive testing for JEE Advanced to reduce stress and is considering AI's impact on future curricula and research.