Maintaining proper nutrition during chemotherapy is crucial for patients to manage side effects like appetite loss, nausea, and fatigue, while also supporting strength and recovery. A balanced neutropenic diet, focusing on thoroughly cooked foods and pasteurized dairy, helps prevent infections in those with weakened immune systems. Key nutritional components include adequate calories, protein, vitamins, and minerals, with protein-rich foods aiding immunity and healing. Hydration is also vital throughout treatment.