Cricketer Tilak Varma underwent emergency surgery for testicular torsion, a medical emergency where the testicle twists around the spermatic cord, cutting off blood flow. This condition requires immediate treatment, ideally within six hours, to prevent permanent damage. While common in adolescents, it can occur at any age. Symptoms include sudden, severe testicular pain, swelling, nausea, and vomiting. The cause is often a congenital deformity allowing free rotation, but it can also be triggered by physical activity or trauma.