Former South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol faces a potential death penalty or life imprisonment on charges of insurrection related to his brief 2024 martial law declaration. Prosecutors allege Yoon and former defense minister Kim Yong-hyun conspired to suspend parliament and escalate tensions with North Korea to justify the move. Yoon denies the charges, arguing the declaration was within his presidential powers to counter opposition obstruction. The court is hearing final arguments, with a ruling expected in February. South Korea has observed an unofficial moratorium on executions for nearly 30 years.