India and Germany have significantly boosted bilateral ties, signing 19 agreements across defense, technology, green energy, and skilling during German Chancellor Friedrich Merz's visit. Key outcomes include a roadmap for defense industrial cooperation, a joint declaration on critical minerals and semiconductors, and visa-free transit for Indian passport holders through Germany. Both leaders emphasized strengthening economic integration, with Germany urging the conclusion of the India-EU Free Trade Agreement, and highlighted the importance of their partnership amid global geopolitical shifts and supply chain uncertainties.