India has entered the ranks of the world's top four economies by GDP, a significant milestone that invites comparison with China's economic ascent and its geopolitical implications. While India's population is projected to surpass China's, its economy remains considerably smaller. The article emphasizes learning from China's success, which involved both industrial policy and fierce market rivalry, while advocating for India to embrace more market orientation alongside crucial state investment in health and education to address existing gaps by 2047.