Canada offers a pathway to citizenship for permanent residents who meet specific legal and residency requirements. Applicants must generally live in Canada for at least three years within a five-year period, maintain permanent resident status, and file taxes. The application process involves confirming eligibility, gathering documents like identity records and proof of residency, submitting the application with fees, and potentially taking a citizenship test or interview. This process is crucial for newcomers, including many from India, seeking to become Canadian citizens amid ongoing immigration policies.