In 2025, southern Indian high courts, including Karnataka and Kerala, actively addressed digital governance issues like online speech control and social media regulation. The Karnataka High Court upheld the Union government's Sahyog portal, affirming executive control over online takedowns, sparking debate on free speech. Other courts focused on child safety, age-based restrictions, and safeguards for online speech criminalization. This judicial intervention highlights legislative gaps and executive actions in the absence of comprehensive parliamentary reform, often placing courts in a watchdog role.