France to Increase Nuclear Arsenal and Involve European Allies in Updated Doctrine

French President Emmanuel Macron announced an increase in France's nuclear warheads for the first time since 1992, emphasizing a strengthened deterrence amid rising global risks. France, the EU's sole nuclear power, will also allow temporary deployment of nuclear-armed jets to allied European countries and involve them in nuclear wargames, while retaining sole decision-making authority over nuclear strikes. This update reflects concerns over US commitment to European security and aims to enhance cooperation under a new "forward deterrence" doctrine.