Pakistan's Limited Military Support Challenges Saudi Defence Pact Amid Iran-Saudi Conflict

Pakistan's response to escalating Iran-Saudi tensions tests its 2025 Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement with Saudi Arabia. While Islamabad affirms solidarity with Riyadh, it has refrained from direct military involvement, citing concerns over Iranian retaliation, domestic instability, and ongoing operations against militant groups on its western border. Saudi Arabia has expressed private disappointment over Pakistan's limited support, raising questions about the pact's practical effectiveness amid the regional conflict and Pakistan's balancing act between both neighbors.