Pakistan's Measured Response Tests Saudi Defence Pact Amid Iran-Saudi Tensions

Pakistan's cautious response to escalating Iran-Saudi tensions highlights challenges in its 2025 Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement with Saudi Arabia. While Islamabad affirms solidarity with Riyadh, it has avoided direct military involvement, citing fears of Iranian retaliation, domestic unrest, and ongoing conflicts on its western border. Experts note Pakistan's reluctance to engage militarily despite the pact's clause treating aggression against one as aggression against both, reflecting concerns over internal stability and energy crises amid regional tensions.