Iran's Underground Missile Facilities: Strategic Strengths and Vulnerabilities

Iran has developed extensive underground missile facilities, known as 'missile cities,' which house thousands of ballistic missiles deep within mountains, making detection and targeting difficult. These complexes include tunnels, storage, command centers, and launch silos, some of which are crude but enable missile launches without surface exposure. While designed to protect assets from airstrikes, these underground sites also present vulnerabilities due to their primitive construction in some areas, according to analysts and experts.