US and Israeli Strikes Expose Vulnerabilities in Iran's Underground Missile Facilities

Iran has developed extensive underground missile facilities, known as 'missile cities,' designed to conceal ballistic missiles and launch operations beneath mountains. However, recent US and Israeli airstrikes targeting entrances and aboveground infrastructure have exposed vulnerabilities, damaging missile launchers and prompting Iran to disperse some mobile launchers. Analysts note that while these bunkers were intended as secure deterrents, their aboveground access points have made them susceptible to surveillance and attacks, challenging Iran's missile strategy amid ongoing tensions.