Indore's journey to reliable water access began in the mid-19th century with water carriers and traditional methods. Recognizing the need for a sustainable system, Maharaja Tukoji Rao Holkar II commissioned an English engineer, Macmahan, to develop a modern waterworks. This led to the construction of a dam and canal, bringing tap water to select homes by 1866. The city later expanded its water infrastructure with projects like the Bilawali Tank, balancing engineering with cultural sensitivities, such as accommodating religious objections to leather water bags.