Indian Cities Confront Flooding Challenges Amid Climate Change and Water Stress

Indian cities face complex flooding challenges influenced by hydrological hysteresis, where landscapes retain memory of past rainfall affecting water flow and saturation. Rapid urbanization and climate change intensify water stress, prompting adoption of technologies and traditional methods to improve water governance. In flood-prone regions like North Bihar, floods cause significant economic and social impacts, with structural vulnerabilities and embankment breaches exacerbating losses and disrupting livelihoods, highlighting the need for nuanced flood management and compensation approaches.